Consequences of Technology

Matt Unick Prof. Rhone 11/15/12 ENG 101 Consequences of technology The most significant event in history has been argued by many scholars through the years. The industrial revolution, the renaissance, or even the Neolithic revolution all have been the top choices. One event that doesn’t get as much attention is the event that is happening in the world today. The world is going through a technology surge unlike ever before. It is an increasing advancement in technology with every passing day; some might look back at it as a modern day renaissance.The increasing advancements of today’s world has the potential benefits of creating a perfect modern society of; no illness, easily accessible transportation, and maximum efficiency. The potential of technology in today’s world were unrealistic thoughts a few decades ago. Though the positives of technology can lead to extraordinary opportunities the reliance on it will be the destruction of humanity. The negative aspects of technological advancements includes the extinction of simple survival instincts, technology is gradually making humans dumber, and creating an unhealthy increase in human beings.Technology is improving our everyday lifestyles and the efficiency of life itself, but relying on technology proves to be negative. The world has limited resources which means limited resources to fill our electricity. Without electricity most of the technology that is relied on will be useless. There will be no more ‘google it’ to provide information at any given moment. Simple activities used to survive hundreds of years ago are long forgotten. The processes of farming, hunting, gathering, finding natural medicine, and domesticating animals are now unknown to the common man.In Julia Davies article she discusses how dangerous it has become to rely on technology. â€Å"A year ago there was an explosion in Shrewsbury that knocked out the hospital's power for several hours. Some of the electri cal equipment did not work. The only people who did not panic were the older healthcare professionals because we were able to use ‘Look, Listen, Feel' and knew what was happening with our patients. † (Davies) She argues that professionals in the medical field don’t know how to take care of patients without the technology that’s given to them.Technology is extremely beneficial but Julia shows that relying on it proves it can be costly. Evidence also shows that technology has also been making us dumber. Search engines such as Google, Bing, and Yahoo have given us the power to grasp a world of information at any given moment. With the information at the tips of our fingers society as a whole should be moving towards a new stage of intellect; however it seems that the human mind is regressing. Nicholas G. Carr, the writer of the article â€Å"Is Google making us stupider? † argues the effects of the internet.Carr states the short term memory is stronger than before, yet the long term memory is slowly getting worse. The capacity to concentrate is being weakened through regular internet usage. â€Å"The faster we surf across the Web—the more links we click and pages we view—the more opportunities Google and other companies gain to collect information about us and to feed us advertisements. † Carr argues that the internet’s goal is to get users to move from link to link because it creates more capital for the company through advertisements. The last thing these companies want is to encourage leisurely reading or slow, concentrated thought. It’s in their economic interest to drive us to distraction. †(Carr) This proves that our attention span is getting worse because of greedy companies wanting people to move from site to site as fast as possible. Using the internet has formed thinking differently and the thinking that’s used in how we use the internet is now being brought into society. C ritical thinking has been forgotten, the internet has changed how the mind works.Information isn’t absorbed, analyzed, or applied it is used only when needed, slowly making the human race dumber. Advancements in the medical field have increased within this technology surge era. The life expectancy for humans has changed a century ago from 50 years of age to around 76 years of age according to â€Å"Life expectancy by age, 1850-2004†. Research in the medical field only continues to grow; for example the field of cloning has the potential to discover the cures to diseases such as diabetes, Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, and potentially more. Human Cloning) Technology proves to be beneficial for human life expectancy. However, the longer humans live the more populated the world gets, which is negative towards human health. Professor Guillebaud argues in Steve Connors article â€Å"There is no way that a population of nine billion – the UN's medium forecas t for 2050 – can meet its energy needs without unacceptable damage to the planet and a great deal of human misery. †(Connor) Overpopulation is inevitable, it happens to every species.Unlike every species though, the human race has the power to control overpopulation. Increasing advancements in technology will only speed up the rate of overpopulation. In an overpopulated world water and other resources to survive will become scarce. Guillebaud also states â€Å"Unless we reduce the human population humanely through family planning, nature will do it for us through violence, epidemics or starvation. â€Å"(Connor) People will be struggling to survive and they will eventually turn to necessary means to prevail.Technology isn’t going away, but limiting it can define our survival. This means to not misuse the advancements in society that are given. Technology has extraordinary potential to improve efficiency in the world. It has to be taken in consideration what adv ancements in technology would be positive and negative for the world. The way technology has been used and the way it continues to be used will be the reason for the destruction of humanity. Work Cited. Carr, Nicholas. â€Å"Is google making us stupid? The Atlantic July/August 2008: Web. Nov. 12, 2012 Connor, Steve. â€Å"Overpopulation ‘is main threat to planet'† The Independent Jan. 7, 2006: Web. Nov. 24, 2012 David, Julia. â€Å"Over-reliance on technology is bad news for care. † Nursing Standard 25. 3 Sep 22-Sep 28, 2010: Web. Nov. 12, 2012 â€Å"Human Cloning† Kiplinger Washington editors 80. 1 Jan. 3, 2003: Web. Nov. 18, 2012 â€Å"Life Expectancy by Age, 1850–2004† Information Please. Pearson Education, Inc. 2007. Web. Nov. 15, 2012

Dairy writing Essay

I am mentally and physically exhausted but I need to write this diary to record the experience of my ordeal. I must do it so that someday someone would know what my husband did to me, even if I disappear one day.  Yesterday was another dull and boring day. It was raining outside. I could hardly sleep recently as I was worry-beaten. I had been thinking about Sir Henry’s safety. Did he receive the letter I sent to him while we were in London? Would he understand the message and keep away from my husband? Should I give him an explicit warning when my husband and others were away? How should I tell him? All these questions struggled in my mind. By the time Selden, the escaped prisoner, was dead, I already suspected my husband planning another crime. I still remembered he came home in great surprise and disappointment that night. Why my husband became a deceiver?  Just then, my husband came in. I wanted to persuade him to stop threatening Sir Henry. I pretended nothing had happened at the beginning. However, that swindler soon realized something wrong. Seeing my apprehensive face, he grasped that I knew he was planning another crime. When I tried to coax him from torturing Sir Henry further, he became agitated and furious. We started shouting and screeching at each other. He then hit me with his muscular arms and I found myself in a frenzy of anger and kicked him back. Suddenly, he snapped the bed sheets next to us and wrapped me all over. He was so forceful that I was promptly tied up against a wooden post in the center of the room. The knots were so tight that I could hardly breathe. Had I known that I would be assaulted in this prison, I would not have risked my life to fight with him. I wouldn’t forgive his cruelty. I was in great pain and blood was over my bruised arms. They were clear marks of violence. It was so painful and distressing. I was in a lonely marathon of agony. I felt so hopeless and helpless. I was motionless in a room with tears stinging my eyes.  Gradually, I heard my stomach echoed in the silence. I hadn’t eaten for a long time. How long had I been cooped up? I almost fainted when I heard a creak at my locked desert. I thought it was my cruel husband coming to torture me further again. It wasn’t! I wanted to shout but it turned out a faint sound because I was so weak at that time A short while later, I heard a bang and the door swung open. Holmes, Watson and Lestrade came in with guns in their hands. What a relief! I was rescued! All three of them were very surprised at the sight of me. They couldn’t identify me at first as I was wrapped round completely. They untied me. Thanks god for that! I felt much more comfortable. They were the brightness in the dark.  Full of grief and shame, I soon sank to the floor. They put me in the old oak chair and I managed to open my eyes again. I didn’t care whether my wicked husband would harm me further. I couldn’t keep the secret anymore. Therefore, I told them where he had kept the hound and the whole truth. I also asked about Sir Henry. To my relief, Sir Henry was safe and the hound was dead. I found myself crying with happiness. Now I am relieved and feel soothed after the salvage. However, I worry about what will happen to me next? I have been neglected and live a life of deceit. I don’t want to live in fear, suspicion and possible attack again, worrying my husband would plan another crime? Does my husband really love me? Why do we have to pretend to be brothers and sisters? Why was I being used to attract Sir Henry? I was torn between saving Sir Henry and hating my husband. What should I do?  I worry about my future? I prayed and prayed. I am lonely and hopeless in the world. Will god shed light on me?

Fractional Distillation Experiment

In the experiment of distillation we separated two miscible liquids. The purpose of distillation is to identify and purify compounds. We began our experiment by setting up an apparatus for macroscale simple distillation. We used 60 ml of Cyclohexane/ Toluene. We began with the temperature at 50 degrees Celsius. Unfortunately, we reached an error when the compounds evaporated too rapidly. The compounds evaporated so quickly that we lost data from 2 ml to 13 ml. The heat was lowered and as a result we started to see a constant rate. From 14 ml to 18 ml it stayed at the rate of 90 degrees Celsius, from 19ml to 25 ml it was at 93 from 26ml to 38ml it stayed in the 90’s for several minutes. When it reached the 50ml mark our temperature was at 108 degrees Celsius. Next we conducted the fractional distillation experiment. We tightly packed the fractionating column with a copper metal sponge, poured our mixture into the 100 ml flask and waited for the mixture to reach boiling point. The boiling point temperature started at 83 degrees Celsius we then decreased the temperature until we reached 25ml which was 82 degrees Celsius. Our results for the Toluene were 1. 4810 and 1. 4350 for the Cyclohexane. Unfortunately in the experiment for simple distillation, we reached an error when the compounds evaporated too rapidly. This was one source of error that disarrayed our data. The compounds evaporated so quickly that we lost data from 2 ml to 13 ml. Even though the data was not recorded it still was a successful experiment. This mistake has taught me to always keep a close eye on experiments no matter how slow the rate is. In the experiment of fractional distillation our results were reasonable but I believe that if we would have placed the aluminum foil around the fractionating column we could have minimized the temperature fluctuation during distillation.

The evolution of Renaissance architecture between Palazzo and Villa Research Paper

The evolution of Renaissance architecture between Palazzo and Villa - Research Paper Example The Evolution of Renaissance Architecture between Palazzo and Villa: An Analysis between Palazzo Farnese (Rome) and Villa Farnesina (Trastevere) Royal Palaces, magnificent monuments have been built in ancient civilizations all over the world and thus they have been an inseparable part of any culture. They are the evidence of the glorious past of that respective culture. Palaces and monuments play a vital role in conveying the historical and political information of the region. They also depict the story of contemporary social, economic and religious system and focus on the social strata.They are also used to reinforce the primacy of contemporary political power. While describing the role of the palaces, Jessica Joyce Christie, Patricia Joan Sarro state, ' Palaces are more than just residence of the highest – ranking nobles. What distinguishes palaces from the elite residence is the symbolic function of palaces as political statements within their respective societies.' They fu rther state, ‘Palace architecture, including layout, position, and decoration of the palaces as well as their public (or sometimes exclusive) nature, reflects the structure of the political system in which the palaces exist.' The palaces and monuments are either monarchical or built by the elite class. The fundamental objective behind this architecture was to show off the social status of the family, the political power they gained, and their affluence. The palaces and fine architectural buildings are the status issue of the affluent people. Monuments and palaces are always built so that the common people should feel respect, fear about the might dynasty. They are like a strong social, economic and political fortifications built around noblemen and the influential people of the respective era. Because of the palaces and lavish architectural buildings, the bridge between affluent people and common people remain intact. Thus they preserve their social status. The palaces and vil las, built with extraordinary architectural structure, create a sense of pride for the possessor and envy to their rivals. Behind the constructions of almost all the monuments, the social, economical and political factors are majorly involved. These factors were involved in building and designing the two magnificent palaces in Renaissance period in Rome. They were Palazzo Farnese and Villa Farnesina. Keywords: Palazzo Farnese. Villa Farnesina, political, economic and social forces A thorough study of architecture gives a new insight to the cultural, political, economic and social study of the contemporary period, in which the architecture emerges. The style of architecture depicts the political transformations of the region. It narrates the story of economic and social transition. The style and design represent the money spent on building the monument, palace or any architecture. During the excavation process, the entire civilization can be explored with the help of the then excavat ed architecture and the best examples are the amazing architecture of the township of Indus civilization. The Egyptian Pyramids and palaces also represent the socio-eco-political forces. Through the architectural structure of Hawa Mahal in Jaipur in India for example, one can understand what political, economic and social purposes might have influenced the architecture. Hawa Mahal is an exquisite blend of Hindu and Muslim Architecture. It means that the political and social scenario was influenced by two of these dominating religions and there was a rivalry and fierce competition (sometime hatred) between the two religions. The blended architecture further reveals the story of the efforts of Hindu and Muslim kings to preserve their identity. Taj Mahal, one of the finest architectures of the world, depicts the exorbitant wealth and the absolute monarchical power of Emperor Shaha Jahaan and the entire Mughal Empire. Though the style, design of the Eastern architecture is different fro m that of Western Architecture, the political, econom

International stratigic marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

International stratigic marketing - Essay Example t impose the values of emigrants onto another culture, on the other hand, the second outlook is universalist by nature which claims that ethics are implemented anywhere and everywhere in the world. Hence, the Universalist approach is based on psychological as well as economic ground. As a result, in order to resolve both the outlooks, it is preferable to attempt the comprehension of the cultural constraints that are capable of acknowledging home as well as overseas’ perceptions to the various forms and facets of bribery, which also contributes to the first measure in the modification. Following that is the second step which is the development of an international or local code of conduct which enables litheness within the hoary precinct. The ultimate consequence could be an evolving code which obliges many parameters of bribery for each nation’s present situation, in a way that is conciliation between the ethical, psychological and economic values of an emigrant’s business institution and of the regional professionals (Perry, 1992). International marketing is intricate for the sole reason that foreign environs are dissimilar to the home environs, for instance, they vary on physical, ethical, legal, economic, distributive and competitive parameters (Ball and McCulloch, 1996). Due to these environs, it is possible for marketers to oblige segments of the marketing mix for each foreign country or part. For instance, an organization may tend to change its packaging, advertisements and distribution channels in each of its international markets which are not very difficult to become accustomed with. As Armstrong et al quoted, such issues of marketing mix are not merely the ones confronting international

Intercultural communication Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Intercultural communication - Essay Example Today, many people believe that the city is the world leader in many things such as arts, communication and finance. For instance, the city prides itself as having one of the finest and multifaceted ports in the world. Additionally, New York City serves as headquarter to several organizations and corporations including United Nations. Besides being one of the major economic hubs in United States, New York City is also centre of media and communication, publishing and fashion designing (Unites States Census, 2011, p. 1). Demographics Historians describe New York City as the city that continually receives the highest number of immigrants. This is the reason why many refer to it as â€Å"melting pot† referring to the highly populated regions on the eastern parts of the city. With over 800 languages, it is clear that people from different backgrounds have come to live in the city. However, English is the most common language that many New Yorkers speak. According to census report of 2010, New York City has a population of 8,175,133 people. The greatest demographic features of the city remain cultural diversity, as there are people from different backgrounds living there, and population density. ... You will find people from at least every nation in the world living in New York. In fact, the city is home to Indians from the northern hemisphere, Chinese, Jewish community, Africans, and even Koreans. Nevertheless, in terms of race and ethnic composition, the whites top with 58 percent followed by Hispanics at 18 percent and Blacks at 14 percent (Unites States Census, 2011, p. 1). Language spoken at home With almost every community in the world represented in the city, people living in New York speak over 800 languages. In their homes, people from the same background can choose to speak their mother tongue. However, the most dominant language of communication in New York is English, and many immigrants have mastered this language in order to communicate with the natives. Certain homes also use Spanish and it is actually the second most popular language in New York City, Of course, not forgetting the other languages although very few number of New York residents use them. According to the census of 2010, children aged over five years, irrespective of the background of their parents, speak English as their primary language in addition to another language. However, the fluency in speaking English depends on one’s background. Socioeconomic levels New York being an economic hub, the expectations are that many people living there are doing well socially and economically. However, depending on one’s background, the socioeconomic levels are not the same for all residents of New York City. Truth is, many New Yorkers are above the scale economically. However, it is important to note that in any society. We have the low class, middle class and upper class people. Majority of New York residents are middle class with well-paying jobs or own some business

Problems and Opportunities created by having too much data, and what Research Paper

Problems and Opportunities created by having too much data, and what to do about them - Research Paper Example Nowadays the business corporations are more and more concerned with the business data collection and analysis. In this scenario, the businesses are paying attention on effective data management and corporate analysis for better resource management and decision support. Additionally, the business corporations gather huge amount of data and process it in order to get business advantages. Sometimes this huge amount of data collection can cause various business and operational management issues. However, this huge amount of business data is a vital corporate resource that offers the business power regarding business management and future resource administration. In this scenario, some organizations gather data for the business and customer relationship management. Most of the business corporations are aligned toward the collection of customer data. Additionally, the one of the major reasons could be the evolution of online business marketing. This customer contacts and personal information can be used for business marketing. In addition, online business marketing is a less costly way of business marketing and overall promotions. This overall situation leads to better business and corporate management. In this scenario, there is need for customer permission in order to use customer data for business marketing process (LOHR, 2009).... In this scenario the huge business data collections are used through some OLAP, data mining and data warehousing based tools. These all tools and capabilities lead to better business data management and issues handling. In this way, the business management is able to well predict the business needs and requirements for the enhanced business decision management and future issues support. These all aspects are well matched for the business issues and problem management. In addition, these decision support tools are used to aggregate the business data to buildup and more summarized and concise business reports for the better business decision support and issues management (Laudon & Laudon, 1999). However, one of the major issues in this huge collection of data could be regarding data storage and management. Nowadays, the data storage is affordable, so the cost of data storage is not a big issue but this issue becomes critical when we need to backup terabytes of data. In retailing busine sses life WalMart that produce millions of rows of data each day, there is much harder for the business to store such data. In this situation the huge business data collection can be a big issue for the business (Trembly, 2010) and (Sperling, 2009). Another main issue with too much data collection is the data security. In fact, the huge amount of data can lead to more data leakages that can create some huge business damage and issue. In this situation there is need for a way through which an organization can better manage the business issues and aspects. In addition, they need to implement tight security mechanism that could ensure better business data management and issues handling (Laudon & Laudon, 1999). In case of too much data one more main issue is the business data

The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks by Rebecca Skloot Essay - 1

The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks by Rebecca Skloot - Essay Example The author tells how the researchers managed to discover a number of vaccines that they used to treat different diseases including polio, cancer, and other chronic diseases. In fact, the researchers are making billions of dollars from the sale of the vaccines. Nevertheless, even as the scientists make billions of dollars from the research, they do not inform Lacks that the cancer cell used in the research was taken from her body. Neither do they inform her that it is because of the cell taken from her that they are making billions of dollars. In fact, the researchers kept the secrecy of the origin of the cancer cell by adopting the name "Hela" to ensure that the poor Lacks does not know that it was her cancer cell. Finally, Lacks dies of cancer for lack of enough money to receive medical attention. In this regard, Skloot is trying to tell readers how merciless and unjust the society can be (Skloot, 2011). Ethically, the scientists would be expected to obtain the informed consent of Lacks before going ahead to use her cancer cell in the research. Additionally, morally speaking, the researchers would be expected to use the money derived from the sale of the vaccines and drugs to help Lacks manage her health condition. Unfortunately, because the researchers are greedy and selfish, their main interest is to benefit from the business by making billions of dollars. The issue of gender also comes in as the researchers appear to ignore Lacks merely because she is a poor woman without a voice. In this regard, they knew that Lacks would not to do anything about her cell because she is not only poor, but also a woman. Additionally, the issue of race comes into focus as all the researchers who use Lacks cancer cell without permission are whites while Lacks is an African American woman (Skloot,

Explain the growth in the concentration of media ownership around the Assignment

Explain the growth in the concentration of media ownership around the world - Assignment Example Founded and headquartered in Australia, the company now boasts of being the number one newspaper publisher in the world, with a cumulative daily readership of 14 million in these three countries alone. Murdoch has a near monopoly in the media space in Australia, owning two-thirds of all newspaper circulation in the country. Across the Tasman Sea, in New Zealand, he owns nearly half. Further, he is the owner of two fifths of the Australian Associated Press. (Knowlton & Parsons, 2005, p. 200) These holdings are notwithstanding his considerable market share in Britain and the United States. These statistics bear testimony to the Murdoch’s media monopoly. Between the lines one can read the dangers posed by monopoly in an industry that is crucial to socio-cultural discourse. One of the negative consequences of media concentration is that it nullifies ethical standards of journalism. News Corp’s official Standards of Business Conduct (SBC) document makes some bold claims. But the company’s actual behaviour is contradictory to these claims. For example, in the area of building trust with business partners and customers, it claims that trust and integrity are of utmost importance. The manner in which the company actually functions makes a mockery of these ethical concerns. There are several instances where News Corp had colluded with political organizations to attain favourable deals. One of the first instances of News Corp’s opportunistic use of political connections came to light in1995. Murdoch struck a book deal with the then House Speaker of the United States Congress Newt Gingrich for a substantial sum of $4.5 million. The ethical problem was obvious in this case. Murdoch, who was even at that time an influential and trans-global media personality, owned a newspaper chain and several television stations. He stood to gain enormously through the relationship with the Speaker. It was only after severe public

Wildlife Tourism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Wildlife Tourism - Essay Example The industry is also a good employer giving almost 9% of total employment for 2011 and is expected to provide 10% of total employment come 2021 (World Travel & Tourism Council 2011). Tourism is indeed a lucrative business and one of its major attractions is the opportunity for people to see and enjoy nature. Aside from the scenery, tourists are enjoined to experience a closer encounter with wildlife. Hence, wildlife tourism has come to fore as one of the most sought after experience of tourists all over the world. It is quite understandable since the progress of man has been counterproductive to animals. About a century ago, the human population is still small estimated at only 25% of the current headcount. As such, there were bigger lands for animals to roam free. The sea is also teeming with marine life. Thus, stories from grandparents would be filled by the fascinating ways on how these creatures lived and such entertainment always took the fancy of many listeners. Today, most of these stories are shown live on television offering both learning and excitement to the viewer. However, although such a technology had been able to bring in wild animals closer to home, the actual experience is naturally absent. Still, it cannot be denied that because of technology, people today are more informed regarding these creatures (Higginbottom 2004). Thus, with increasing fascination fuelled by the images seen on television, people are driven from their comfortable homes to chase the thrill of experiencing the wild. And, with the economic contribution being provided by tourism, business and governments alike have been more than willing to cater to this demand. Wildlife tourism is not as simple as many would conceive it to be. This activity offers more than just bird watching as the activities may depend on whether the tour is dependent or independent of wild life. Thus, an activity is said to be wildlife dependent if the tour is focused on having actual encounter with wild life. Hence, the main reason for the tour is the opportunity for the tourist to be able to have some form of interacting with animals by being able to take pictures or videos, tracking the animals or even through hunting and fishing. On the other hand, wildlife independent tourism does not have the actual animal experience as the focus of the activity. Incidental encounters like unplanned sightings and even just by hearing the wild animals satisfies the tour objective (Sinha 2001). Both involve certain disruption to nature but naturally the wildlife dependent activities provide more disruption especially when people hunt wildlife. However, this should not always have to be the case since wildlife is important for this aspect of tourism. And with the money being brought in by the industry then perhaps there can be ways in which the wildlife tourism can help preserve these animals. Main body The wildlife The animals play a key role in wildlife tourism as they are basically the main at tractions for wildlife dependent tourism. These animals are gaining attention as evidenced by the increasing number of publications that focuses on wildlife. Likewise, these topics are being more and more integrated to tourism and leisure (Lovelock 2008, Newsome et al 2005 and Topelko and Dearden, 2005). These publications generated additional media mileage for wildlife that have helped integrate activities such as hunting to tourism. Basically, animals are either those in the wild, animals working in farms, pets, animals used as companions and animals that provide assistance. These creatures each have they

ORDINARY COURAGE by Joseph Martin Plumb Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

ORDINARY COURAGE by Joseph Martin Plumb - Essay Example He wanted to be featured not really as a war time hero but more as an epitome of an ideal soldier upholding the virtues of loyalty, bravery and patriotism. To top it all, he was one of those brought to the harshness of the battlefields at a very young age of 14. (Jones, G., 2009). â€Å"Joseph Plumb Martin was raised by his maternal grandparents in their farm in Connecticut. At the age of 14, he was already in action during the Battles of Lexington and Concord. He managed to get into these battlefields despite the objection from his grandfather. He started his military career when he joined the Continental Regiment that lasted for eight long years (1776-1783)† (Jones, 2009). Peer influence was one of the main reasons why JP Martin joined first the militia, then later enlisted as a private soldier of the Continental Regiment of the Revolutionary army which supported Gen. Washington. â€Å"All of his peers joined the army, forcing him to join too. He was close and loyal to his peers† (Jones, 2009). The other reason why J. P. Martin joined the army was because he got inspired by ‘rage militaire’, a propaganda advocating passion for arms and patriotic fervor (Jones, 2009) and (Glossary). Part of the attractive recruitment package then was the promise to provide continuous ration of food, medicine and clothing and of course, a monthly salary worth $ 6.75 dollars. Like a fever, this enticement swept across the country. (Jones, 2009). JP Martin’s story comes far differently from the rest. Its distinctiveness comes from the â€Å"perspective of a common soldier† (Jones, 2009). During that period, it was not a traditional practi ce for an ordinary person to write about history. Most war write-ups were written from the peripheral standpoint which makes them somewhat superficial as compared to the accounts made by someone like JP Martin who participated in the actual battlefield. One of the major

That Was Then, This is Now” and “The Chocolate War” Essay Example for Free

That Was Then, This is Now† and â€Å"The Chocolate War† Essay â€Å"That Was Then, This is Now† by S.E. Hinton (1971)   and â€Å"The Chocolate War† (1974) by Robert Cormier are boundary-shattering young-adult novels, each of which penetrates to the heart of issues with which adolescent readers can readily identify. However, as groundbreaking as these novels were upon their initial publications, both of the novels conform to an established literary idiom, prevalent throughout young-adult literature for many centuries. Both â€Å"The Chocolate War† and â€Å"That Was Then, This is Now† present novels of initiation; more specifically, novels of male-initiation. Aspects of the male-initiation novel include specific conditional criteria that both define and structure the concept of manhood; among these criteria are issues of heterosexuality, embodiment, and collectivism. (Bereska, 2003)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The prominence of traditional male-initiation archetypes and notions of masculinity in the novels, together with the novels’ unconventional narrative styles, pace, and conventions helped generate two of the more popular, controversial, and memorable titles in the 1970s YA catalog. â€Å"Like classics or current adult fiction, some YAL includes a variety of situational archetypes such as the test/trial as a rite of passage, the journey or quest of the hero, birth/death/rebirth, and the search for self.† (Herz Gallo, 1996, p. 11)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In both novels, notions of manhood and sexual orientation play key roles in defining character and plot development, as well as thematic development. Bryon, the main character in ‘That Was Then, This is Now† prides himself as a ladies’ man and is compared to (or confused with) the Romantic Poet Lord Byron, who was an infamous womanizer, on different occasions during the story.   â€Å"While not explicitly stated, it is an implicit assumption that the boys world is a heterosexual world; there are no logical alternatives to heterosexuality.   In books from the 1940s to the late 1990s[] A normal male body is presumed to be both masculine in gender and heterosexual (Nelson (Bereska, 2003)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Along with heterosexuality as a harbinger of normalcy, the male world in YA initiation novels is â€Å"characterized by particular types and degrees of emotional expression, naturalized aggression, male hang-out groups, hierarchies within those groups [and] competition,† (Bereska, 2003). In both â€Å"The Chocolate War† and â€Å"That Was Then, This is Now† the world is portrayed as a male-dominated â€Å"war zone† where a survival of the fittest mentality reigns above issues of emotionality, sensitivity, or compassion.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   While drugs, street-fights, and casual sex present controversial and very stark terrors in the world of â€Å"That Was Then, This is Now,†in Cormier’s   male-dominated world, the male-hierarchy is not only prevalent, its strictures are living law: â€Å"football is easy compared to Jerrys other extracurricular activities at Trinity High: placating the Vigils, the schools secret society, and avoiding Brother Leon, the acting headmaster[] Archie Costello, de facto leader of the Vigils, orders Jerry to refuse to sell chocolate for ten days, as a way of exerting power† (Cheaney, 2001, p. 256).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The aspect of embodiment: that is, the physical manifestation of male characteristics (or defining manhood by male bodily capacities and functions) is a vital component of both novels, symbolized by, not only erotic scenes and passages, but by visceral acts of violence. Foremost among the explicit symbolism of male initiation as male-body-experience is the climactic brutality of â€Å"The Chocolate War†when raffle-tickets are drawn to direct blows against bodies. Raffle tickets are drawn to see when and where Jerry and Emile Janza (a thug) will strike one another with boxing blows. One of the members of the school gang The Vigils finally draws a raffle ticket that allows Janza to strike Jerry below the belt.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     In â€Å"That Was Then, This is Now,† Mark and Bryon vital, viral male bodies are contrasted with Bryon’s ailing mother, a victim of the poverty and desperation that hangs over her household. While Bryon’s healthy erotic-physical response to Cathy brings about a sense of patriarchal responsibility for MM, Mark, whose sexuality had never been as pronounced as Bryon’s deviates from a â€Å"pure† state of male-embodiment, becoming a drug-user and drug-pusher, selling drugs to help support Bryon’s mother.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The corruption of the communal (but male dominated and protected space) in this case comes by way of drugs with threaten MM’s physical and mental maturity; during his LSD hallucinations, he seems to regress to a childlike, vulnerable state. It is at the point of Bryon’s decision to turn Mark in as a drug dealer despite their â€Å"brotherhood† that Bryon’s initiation is completed and the transformation of his masculinity from purely male-identified to communally-identified takes place.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Both â€Å"The Chocolate War† and â€Å"That Was Then, This is Now† end ambiguously— if not tragically. Although Bryon makes a successful transition from self-motivated and socially alienated to selflessness and social responsibility, his initiation into manhood exacts a heavy toll and violates the previously established intimacy between the stories two main characters. Keeping in mind the aforementioned â€Å"classical† motifs of male-initiation, Bryon’s â€Å"sacrifice† of his male-to-male friendship with Mark in favor of his traditional familial relationships with Cathy and MM fulfill the classical notion of heterosexual manhood as established via physical embodiment, and collectivism.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   â€Å"The Chocolate War† ends with pyrrhic victory, in that Jerry dares to â€Å"disturb the universe† by challenging the male-on-male hierarchy generated by The Vigils, but at the novel’s close Jerry is beaten and physically injured; with a broken jaw, he tells his friend, The Goober,  not to disturb the universe—that it’s not worth it. The book ends as Archie displays no remorse for the past, and Jerry no hope for the future. Cormier’s themes for â€Å"The Chocolate War† were rooted in â€Å"the individuals response to evil, a concern deeply rooted in Cormiers Roman Catholic conscience[]I was made aware of evil, and Im aware of it now. I mean, we constantly try to be good, and most of us are because of the lack of opportunities to do evil. Opportunities for evil abound at Trinity High because most of the boys dont recognize it for what it is.†(Cheaney, 2001, p. 256) Though Hinton’s themes seem less explicitly grounded in traditional religious morality, her work, like Cormier’s, deals with issues of profound sociological consequence, along with themes of dynamic individuation and social integration. Perhaps â€Å"That Was Then, This is Now† can be rightfully regarded as offering a somewhat less tragic arc than â€Å"The Chocolate War,† the impact of both of the novels on the YA genre was (and remains) explosive.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Classical literature often fails to exert the kind of hypnotically personal impact on young-adult readers that commercially published YAL sometimes offers. â€Å"Literature can be a way for teens to release these tensions.† This point remains highly valid as the enduring appeal and success of â€Å"The Chocolate War† and â€Å"That Was Then, This is Now’ demonstrates. â€Å"Students can read a book, for example, about a teenager reaching puberty and can talk about what the character is feeling in the third person, not the first. They can say she felt instead of I felt.[]Why do they want to read it? Perhaps because it helps them feel as if they are not alone.† (Alsup, 2003)   Each of these novels melded traditional elements of the male-initiation story while simultaneously breaking through previously held notions regarding the thematic scope and sociological relevance of YA novels. References Bereska, T. M. (2003). The Changing Boys World in the 20th Century: Reality and Fiction.    The Journal of Mens Studies, 11(2), 157+. Herz, S. K., Gallo, D. R. (1996). From Hinton to Hamlet: Building Bridges between Young Adult Literature and the Classics. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. Alsup, J. (2003). Politicizing Young Adult Literature: Reading Andersons Speak as a Critical Text Critical Texts Confront Difficult Topics. Students Need to Read, Write, and Talk about These Relevant Issues. Journal of Adolescent Adult Literacy, 47(2), 158+. Cheaney, J. (2001, December). Teen Wars : The Young Adult Fiction of Robert Cormier. World and I, 16, 256.

Sound As The Medium Of Expression Music Essay

Sound As The Medium Of Expression Music Essay A form of art that uses Sound as the medium of expression, Music is the universal language spoken around the globe. It is a major part in cultures around the world, bringing people together from different backgrounds and social circles, if only to indulge themselves in one of the finest treats; Listening to good music and dance. Around the world, music is directly related to happiness and peace. The animatics used in the particular video I have selected give a play by play description of how music affects lives globally. It does not matter whether a person is from the United States of America or from as far as the Netherlands, music is the ever present entity that connects individuals to each other like no other entity can. Be it a complete burst of absolute happiness or a splat of depression, Music is the one entity, that one quintessential being that easily expresses all the feelings of a person, giving vent to silent anger/rage or complete articulate bliss. In making my animatic, I have used photographs of people from across the globe. Using a narrative style of expression, the video takes viewers through the lives of the individuals appearing on the screen as they express how music changed their life or how it just gave them a reason to live. The different narrators appearing in the shots in the animatic talk about how and why Music is a big part of their lives most of them even going so far as to say that without Music and Dance, life would not be worth living. Every actor is given a close-up shot, in order to make them seem more relatable and generally more realistic. (Gender goggles, Narrative as essence of film) From the non-narrative perspective, the film was made on a very small budget and is an amalgamation of different snap shots depicting people in different positions/action sequences, run together so as to make a full-fledged film with a basic theme: Music is everything. Starting from Ankara, the viewer is made to travel across the globe through England, Russia and finally Nepal. Each individual narrates his/her own story and talks about how music has played a great part in effectively changing their lives. Films, being viewed universally by audiences of vast backgrounds and different ken, cannot be confined to a particular language unlike the literary works of art that have made so many artists famous all over the world. The works of art that are produced within the magical cinemas across the world contain messages that have to be delivered to a vast audience around the globe. Thus, they usually conspire to achieve this objective by making use of the medium of expression(s) such as via photographs, videos, etc which is not limited to a select audience but can be viewed by a vast number of people from different backgrounds, without the hindrance of one particular language. (Language of Film) For this reason, Christian Metz states, in reference to film semiotics, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦thus, cinema is a language in the sense that it is a technico-sensorial unity, graspable in perceptual experience. With reference to my animatics, the language in common that I have used is English, as it is the most spoken language around the globe and is therefore easily understood by almost the whole world. The native languages of the narrators in the video have been translated to English for the ease of the viewers understanding. The shots have been so arranged so as to give a sequential plot to the story. It is however important to keep in mind the exact timing of the who, what, where, when and how elements of any story before it can be presented as a finalized version to any audience. Too much time taken in either of these can cause the audience to lose interest, and the story to lose flavor. (Semiotics and Film Theory) Each shot starts from Who, taking a close-up of each individual so that the audience can easily relate to them as they narrate their story. Before each new story frame begins, a hand drawn map indicating the country Where the incident is taking place comes up on screen, with an arrow pointing towards the exact location. However, in order to help the audience better relate to the plot and the actors, the shots taken of the location are mostly MCU and MS; this shows what the subject is doing, and presents him/her in an objective light to the viewer. A close up of each individual is important to make the audience feel as though they somehow know the person intimately, and this is followed by a few short photos that show How each individual expresses his love for music; these can be dancing, listening to music or simply singing. The ideology behind the film relates to how music spreads happiness across continents, irrespective of social/cultural barriers. (Hughes, Film and Ideology) There is no right and wrong only an objective depiction of how the art of music brings into the lives of all the people it reaches certain happiness that light up the darkness around. There is no place around the globe where Music has not penetrated; no soul on the planet left unturned by the soulful music that erupts forth from blasting speakers rocking a party; or simply calming the racing heart of an over stressed individual. From 9 years to 90, music is the language spoken by all. It spreads love and joy wherever it goes, and is also there to give company when a person is upset or sad. This film bases its animatic placements on the importance of music in our lives, and aims towards projecting the positive view people have of music for those who are against it (religiously, or other wise). It serves to logically define the boundaries that separate individuals from one another, while at the same time aiming towards and achieving a complete eradication of the very boundaries it first talks about. After showing the different stories of individuals so uniquely affected by music, it follows on to show the rise in perception of music in different parts of the world; and how this gift of sound renders the world immobile with its absolute power and beauty. The film focuses on showing to the audience that such unique gifts as music cannot be judged, and should not be held in contempt of the different backgrounds it arises from. It is not up to mere mortals to judge the absolute importance of music, and that is the essence of this entire animatic. The world of music is too vast to be contemplated by the likes of ordinary people, and must only be enjoyed as is in its pure, raw beauty. Any particular genre being listened to must never be compared to another genre of music, as each genre is different and unique in its own style and personality of hearing. People from all walks of life are joined together by music, and as such this purity of sound must be taken in its true form. The abject framing of the film also talks about how, for music lovers, dancing is another outlet for emotion and a way to express themselves. Music is not just a way to pass the time, it is a complete culture and my animatic serves to prove that claim. The narrative and non-narrative styles used in the film pertain to explaining in a comprehensive way to the audience aptly watching, that music is acceptable in all forms to all kinds of people, from all forms of life. It cannot be differentiated from one genre to the next or, at the very least, one genre cannot be thought better than the other, as each has its own unique place in the overall setup of the Musical industry. Also, music provides a way of emanating ones culture to the outside world, and gracefully showing the better sides of ones cultural heritage. Music can help show off the richer cultures of most of the countries of the world, and as such can cross boundaries and climb barriers of culture/language and gender like no other tool across the universe is able to do. This animatic serves to provide a platform through which to showcase the importance of music around the world, and uses different cultural backgrounds to get to it. The ideology behind the films framing is that music can identify with individuals on a level no other instrument of artistic design is able to. This in itself, is an accomplishment to be cherished and cultured, as it has the ability to throw together two wildly divergent factions of society and join them in a union that is unbreakable so long as either party continues to retain a certain modicum of interest in the music being played.

Introduction To Organized Crime Criminology Essay

Introduction To Organized Crime Criminology Essay Organized crime groups have increased in dimension and activities in the last decade and have become global threats posing a serious challenge on the international community. In the United States, such groups have continued to expand despite measures to curb them and they have established networks in the major cities. Criminal groups have well developed international networks that help them to better exercise their activities in both legal and illegal markets by using complicated strategies and varied modi operandi (Jenkins Gary 1987). Due to that, these groups are in a position to infiltrate the financial, political, and economic systems of countries the world over. With expansion of the internet and more open borders, organized crime has gradually taken transnational nature endangering United States both from within and beyond. This threat is brought by the various criminal associations, which include, Asian, African, Russian, Middle Eastern, and Balkan syndicates. As a result, it has become very difficult for the federal government to combat organized crime that is today very well organized and up-to-date with recent technology. During economic downturn period, organized crime could additionally weaken the economy with illicit activities for example drug trafficking and tax evasion frauds that lead to a loss of tax income for state and federal governments. Fake activities in spheres such as tactical merchandise, credit, indemnity, securities, and reserves could extra deteriorate the troubled monetary marketplace. On the state safety front, specialists and policymakers have articulated concern over potential nexus linking organized crime and terrorism. Notwithstanding the variation in inspiration for organized crime majorly profit and terrorism being ideology, the connecting aspect of the two is money (Bequai, 1979). Terrorists may potentially get financial support for their operations from collaborating frankly with structured criminal groups or molding their lucrative unlawful acts. Even though organized syndicates and terrorist groups do not make long-term associations, the likelihood of short-term busines s coalitions may be of concern to policymakers. Away from the individual illegal acts committed by organized criminal groups such as smuggling, extortion, prostitution, gambling, and labor racketeering. The organized crime council indicates that criminal groups may penetrate strategic sectors of the economy, provide support to terrorists, smuggle people and other contrabands into the United States, using cyberspace to target American victims and infrastructure, and use violence as a basis for power. Due to the current developments, issues on management and dealing with organized criminal groups have emerged. It is evident that to deal with organized groups there is need for the new enforcement measures. Several policy makers have argued that the available laws are not effective at countering current threats posed by these groups. Because organized crime groups threaten America from both within borders and outside its borders. This has led to a wakeup call for the Congress as to whether they should enlarge law enforcements beyond borders to probe and put these criminals on trial, and to what level, should the Congress hearten multilateral crime fighting efforts. Another major issue that the Congress must put in mind is the availability of resources and how much is allocated to the federal government to deal with organized criminal groups (Alexander, 1985). Theories of organized crime There are numerous definitions of organized crime, in American context it is defined as a loose confederation of ethnic and regional crime groups, bound by economic and political necessity (Bequai, 1979). Mainly organized crime is comprised of three different categories of criminal activities namely, professional crime, white-collar crime which involves criminals using legal instruments and the operation of crime groups striving to achieve financial gain. According to Levi (1998), organized crime is ongoing unlawful business or other acts accompanied by intimidation and linked to politics. Assorted analogs are summoned to understand organized crime, including such different notions as the business conglomerate and feudalism. An organized crime group is seen sometimes as simply engaged in illegal business in a manner parallel to its legal counterpart. Other onlookers have noted the primeval nature of the ties binding an organized criminal groups members, which thus differentiates it f rom a modern, unfriendly business corporation. Different conditions for the origin of organized crime have also been identified, including political, geographic, legal, and sociological factors (Skaperdas, 2001). According to Liddick (1999 theories of organized crime may be grouped into three major theoretical prototypes: the alien-conspiracy/bureaucracy paradigm; the enterprise approach; and the patron-client relations perspective. The model or perspective dictates the approach. Thus, if one assumes that the chief characteristic of organized crime is its hierarchical organization, then one looks for coordination and conspiracy. This is the dominant approach of law enforcement in North America, which has been enormously unsuccessful in understanding and therefore in dealing with the phenomenon of organized crime (Geary, 2002). It presumes that immobilizing the leadership of organized crime groups will end criminal activity, but it never does. Knock off the key player, the organization falls apart, and the criminal activity ceases. On the other hand, the enterprise approach focuses on illegal markets. It views organized crime as servicing such markets, very much like legal business enterprises . These networks involve reciprocity they engage in activities beyond purely economic and they extend into the worlds of legitimate government and business (Liddick, 1999). According to (Woodwiss, 2001), the past history of modern organized crime from the Yazoo land fraud of the 1790(s) to the Savings and Loan scandals of the 1980(s), clearly shows that organized crime in America has involved reputable people. It is a social occurrence, an important part of American life, and, ironically, not at all a threat to the existing order. It has been noted that most of the criminal activities show that those groups were not hierarchical, when organized crime get into the political system regardless of the means it is very hard to combat as it becomes well institutionalized. Herbert Alexander (1985), for instance, has recognized that clearly too little is known of political-criminal relationships, the occurrences, the levels, the geographic areas, the impacts they have. Even a landmark study of the reduction of organized crimes influence on major industries in New York City drew a blank regarding politics, with the authors admitting that such connections had nev er been examined. Studies have shown that indeed there is an association between politicians, police, and organized crime groups. However, that the plan in the relationship came from the politicians. It was by no means a situation of organized crime intruding into politics, but of politicians reaching out to control and invite the criminals and their activities (Jenkins and Potter, 1987). Organized Criminal Groups in the America For many years organized crime in united States has been associated with the famous Italian Mafia, nevertheless there are many other organized criminal; groups in United States. In understanding and dealing with these groups, the Federal Bureau of Investigation examines organized criminal groups that are under three main classes: La Cosa Nostra (Italian organized), Eurasian/ Middle Eastern, and Asian and African criminal groups. Eurasian/ Russian This group does not only refer to the Russian crime syndicates but also various of Eurasian crime groups, these groups emerged in United States as early as the late 1970(s) and became very common when the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991. Currently they are considered by the Federal Bureau of Investigation to be the most organized criminal group posing major threat to America. Russian group that operate in America show less traditional hierarchical structure as opposed to the Italian Cosa Nostra, they however, develop networks based on the skills required for certain crimes (Duyne, 1996). In America, this group is a responsible to criminal activity such as abduction, human trafficking, drug trafficking, theft, prostitution and extortion, and white-collar criminal acts such as money laundering. Federal Bureau of Investigation has shown that approximately 60% of the cases they handle about this group involve fraud. These frauds usually cut across various industries from strategic commodi ties and health to venture to indemnity, and credit card swindles. Other frauds they are involved in include tax evasion and even energy price rigging. Numerous Russian organized criminal groups operate in major cities such as Miami, New York, Boston, and many. The main efforts to control Russian organized criminal groups include the development of both global and internal task forces and other committees charged with the mandate of dismantling these crime groups. Local police departments have set up several task forces in all the main cities to deal with this group. The FBI on the other hand is charged with the responsibility to handle international issues relating to Russian organized criminals. It works together with such groups like Eurasian Organized Crime Working Group, Central Working Group, and Southern European Cooperative Initiative. All these groups are aimed at combating this organized criminal group (Mauro, 1995). These groups are working very hard to attain power and wealth that being the main reason as to why they have patterns of criminal activities in American major cities. The group in the West Coast communicates with those in the East Coast and they have strong ties with those in the former Soviet Union. They have also go ne an extra mile and formed associations with other criminal groups and their enterprises have proven to be very complex and profitable as they continue to operate using global networks. Eurasian criminals are experts at swindle and have been portrayed as always having one foot in the gangland and one foot in legal business world. This blend makes it hard to notice when a crime is taking place. Billions of dollars in illegal proceeds from fraud are being transferred to accounts abroad and within the United States. There are concerns that these finances will be used to fund criminal activities in the United States (Mauro, 1995). Russian organized criminal networks are involved in organized foreign smuggling through fake visa petitions and border crossing. Law enforcement departments have learned that this group networks with recognized shell corporations in America to assist in the illegal movement of money, and people as well. Asian This group has existed in the United States as early as 1900(s), nevertheless, there has been a major increase in Asian organized criminal activities. Various studies show that there is not even a single unified group but rather they are many crime groups whereby some are more traditionally organized than others are. They include Triads and Yakuza, which got Chinese and Japanese origin respectively. Groups such as the triads, tongs, and famous Asian street gangs that comprise of the Fuk Ching and Big Circle are less traditional. Just like the Russian Organized crime, groups this group tends to work together across tribal and ethnic ranks if it is lucrative for the business. Asian organized crime groups get a large amount of their earnings from smuggling in drugs and people, but are also aggressively involved in other illegal actions, that range from cash laundering, forgery, and deception to kidnapping and the theft of automobiles, computer software, and clothing (Turbiville, 1994). The Federal Bureau of Investigation indicates that major cities in America are examples of regions with a elevated occurrence of Asian organized crimes. American, law enforcement authority has relied heavily on Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act, money laundering, and asset forfeiture statutes to arraign Asian crime groups. Comparable to efforts intended at fighting Russian organized crime groups, United States law enforcement takes part in domestic and international working groups meant to fight Asian organized crime. Internally, the Interagency Working Group on Alien Smuggling inspects policy and analytical matters revolving around the smuggling of foreigners and trafficking of women and minors, involving participation of Asian criminal groups in these actions. The Federal Bureau of Investigation is also concerned with international working groups dealing with organized criminal groups of Asian origin, as well as the Federal Bureau of Investigation State Police Department of Japan Working Group, International Police Project Bridge, and many other working groups from other countries such as Canada, Thailand and so on . Italian The La Cosa Nostra is the most famous Italian organized crime group working in the United States. The La Cosa Nostra is implicated in a collection of unlawful actions, from betting, loan sharking to smuggling, and money laundering, which terrorize American society. The majority members of the La Cosa Nostra operate in the New York urban area, but there are also illegal operations in major American cities. La Cosa Nostra has been working in the United States ever since 1920(s) and still poses a risk at present. Former congressional and rule and regulation enforcement labors to combat organized crime were intended directly at controlling the criminal activities of the Mafia (Louise, 1995). Civil Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act lawsuits have been mainly efficient in eradicating the La Cosa Nostra from lawful industries and amalgamations, for example, the Las Vegas gaming industry, the moving and storage businesses in New York, and the merger in place of truckers servi cing JF Kennedy airport in New York. In addition to federal Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act statutes, many states have adopted Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act statues. Many believe that Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act has been mainly the dominant tool in fighting La Cosa Nostra. Despite these successful tools, the La Cosa Nostra remains a major organized crime risk to American society. Balkan The Federal Bureau of Investigation recognizes Balkan organized criminal and the well-known Albanian groups in particular, for being among the main dreadful organized criminal groups at present, as proved, in part, by a swell in persons of Albanian origin arrested in the United States. Albanian organized crime syndicates have been in existence in the United States as early as in the late 1980(s) and have grown from being formally structured families to letting in foreigners with certain fields of criminal knowledge. These syndicates are dynamic in major cities like New York, Las Vegas, and Los Angeles, to name a few (Louise, 1995). Balkan crime groups have been involved in various illegal activities such as, real estate fraud, extortion, gambling, robbery, drug trafficking, human smuggling, money laundering, murder, witness intimidation, and counterfeit currency. One upcoming tendency seen in the midst of Balkan organized criminal groups is an improved collaboration with other organi zations increasing, but expanding. For instance, the Federal Bureau of Investigation has proved that the La Cosa Nostra has collaborated with Albanian criminal groups in New York. Where, the La Cosa Nostra normally relies on the Albanians for enforcement, and Albanians have gradually conquered some territory there that was formerly under control of the La Cosa Nostra. Several federal agencies normally collaborate and implement programs to combat organized crime in the country. Such agencies include, Homeland Security, Treasury, Defense, State, Commerce and department of justice. One initiative is the nuclear smuggling, the United States responds to nuclear smuggling by stopping any nuclear material getting into the country. The country in 2003 signed agreements and got into partnership with other countries to allow searching of planes and ships that are suspected of carrying such materials. The department of defense has effectively managed programs that help destroy any nuclear materials. The authorities have increased detection tools at the borders. Drug trafficking is under International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affair partner with other departments in implementing anti-drug campaigns and initiatives. Trafficking of persons is led by the State department in collaboration with other agencies. Money laundering and other economic crimes are ha ndled by the treasury department with the help of other state departments. Countering organized crime is not easy especially if the group has political ties. In most cases, these organized criminal groups mostly invest their money in legitimate businesses. Through such deals, these groups become institutionalized and well protected by the politicians as well as the police. Thus, measure of checking such criminal groups include enforcing the law strictly and good conduct for lawyers, wide public expectations of decency in politicians. More over the policing of organized crime has to be reoriented to its contribution and prevention. It has been proved that the American approach to these criminal groups is not the solution. There has to be major reforms in several departments, across the country from the justice to economy. Good governance that is fully strengthened is vital in eradicating the organized criminal groups in the country. Public education is also very important in helping eradicate these groups in the society. In most instances, the public knows a bout these groups but are not concerned about them because they feel that they do not affect them directly. There is need for awareness that though they may not be personally affected these groups pose great threat to their country at large and their also suffer the consequences of their acts indirectly. Economic consequences In most cases, economic consequences arise when organized crime is given room to flourish. These groups always cause unproductive employment of economic resources that otherwise could be employed elsewhere. In areas where mafias rule and are seen to provide security in a indirect manner, however the same level of security is compatible in with various levels of expenditure of much resources than that of a modern state that has efficient police and judicial system. Legal businesses are forced to pay high protection fees that normally affect their operations (Skaperdas, 2001). For the same businesses, regular constricting throughout the mainstream legal system can become tricky even if it concerns legal matters, since the mafia actively discourages recourse to the legal system as it represents a challenge to its authority and a reduction to the rationale for its existence. The long-term impacts of organized crime could be still more overwhelming than its instant, static impacts. The areas most able, industrial, and youth can choose to become gangbangers, as Skaperdas (2001) argues to be the case in American inner cities. Those are specifically the individuals who under different circumstances would provide very different types of community support and leadership. Once human beings develop human capital expertise in one area, it is very costly for them to change later in life. Former guerillas, demobilized soldiers after wars, and gang members have difficulties adapting to conventional lives and occupations later in life. Many find brigandage, robbery, or reversion to organized crime a familiar and more profitable lifestyle than its alternatives. Even after the destruction of organized crime in an area, it can take more than a generation before normalcy prevails. In summing up, the costs of organized crime comprise of the resources spent on fraud and predation, instead of production; a range of more conservative productive and investment alterations; the contractual challenges that develop outside the sphere of contemporary governance; and the incentives for the development of human skills that are inclined towards appropriation instead of production. The American society should deter any form of organized crime by making all illegitimate acts costlier. The society should increase the likelihood of crime detection and heighten the punishment of the victims. As noted earlier organized crime syndicates coordinate very well and as a result the crimes they commit are not easy to detect (Skaperdas, 2001). These groups further go to the extent of protecting their group members from potential punishment by colluding with top government officials, employing violence against judges and even threatening probable witnesses. In United States, the famous Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organization act has effectively fought crimes that are committed by organized crime syndicates. This act lists various acts that are normally committed by organized criminal groups and provides penalties for criminal acts performed as part of an ongoing criminal organization. The act center of attention is on the patterns of criminal acts different from individual crimes. Thus, under RICO, the leader of a crime association can be arraigned in court even if he has never been personally engaged in any criminal activity. The penalties under RICO can be extremely harsh. Apart from a long prison sentence, an offender surrenders all interests and claims over the criminal activity, as well as over the property that makes up the racketeering activity or what was obtained from the racketeering activity (Woodiwiss, 2001). Further, RICO permits the victims of organized crime to recuperate from the convicted person in civil court. The RICO is intended, first to make revealing of criminal enterprises easier and eventually to cripple and eliminate organized crime enterprises. Conclusion In conclusion, it has been noted that organized groups are very common in United States and that all groups have different origins and mode of operation. The activities carried out by these groups cuts across different sectors of the economy. This makes the impacts of organized groups to be of great magnitude. These groups cause impacts that are negative and even pose a threat to the entire American society. Fighting these groups is thus not an option for the State, The federal government has established different federal authorities to combat these groups but have not fully succeeded. It has been noted that some of these groups have support from both the politicians and the police making these groups to be more institutionalized. These issues have made fighting the syndicates even more difficult. An enhanced understanding of international organized crimes dynamics might assist Congress as it organizes, funds, and oversees anti-crime policies and programs. In addition, a scrutiny of the nexus between crime and terror could improve the governments capacity to fight both. Stronger international law enforcement collaboration and more efficient government partnerships with the private sector

Religious Tradition in Shirley Jacksons The Lottery Essay -- jackson

Religious Tradition in Shirley Jackson's The Lottery   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  While 'The Lottery' is a fictitious story it can be argued that it mirrors the attitude of American culture in how it addresses religious tradition in its major holidays and celebrations.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Two of the biggest holidays in the United States are Christmas and Easter. Both of which are derived from Christian beliefs. Even though 'The Lottery' is apparently a pagan ritual, violent and horrific, it is appropriate, only by the fact that the participants no longer remember, or seem to care, what the original intent of the ritual or the significance of its traditions.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When we are introduced to the lottery, we see the traditions that are currently observed. These include the townspeople gathering in the square, the children gathering rocks and making piles of them. A black box is the current receptacle for the lots to be drawn: 'The original paraphernalia for the lottery had been lost long ago, and the black box now resting on the stool had been put to use even before Old Man Warner, the oldest man in town, was born.' (Jackson 367).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The story belies the villagers respect for tradition. The lottery official was said to have spoken ?frequently to the villagers about making a new box, but no one liked to upset even as much tradition as was represented by the black box.? (Jackson 367) We know that the black box was not the original vessel for the lottery. Many changes and omissions from lotteries past also, speak of the villagers? apathy for tradition.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Some changes were out of necessity, ?slips of paper substituted for the chips of wood that were used for generations? (Jackson 367) due to the fact that the population size of the village had grown from the original lottery. This made the use of the wood chips unpractical.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Other changes took place, it would seem, just to make the lottery go faster. ?there had been a recital of some sort, performed by the official of the lottery, a perfunctory, tuneless chant that had been rattled off duly each year; some people believed that he was supposed to walk among the people, but years and years ago this part of the ritual had been allowed to lapse. There had been, also, a ritual salute, which the official of the lottery had had to use addressing each person who came up to draw from the box, but this also had changed with time, un... ...Christ making it the most honored and important holiday in the Christian religion. But it does have its traditions that are a far cry from the original intent. It should come as no surprise to find that the Easter Bunny was not present and distributing multi-colored hard-boiled eggs to the twelve apostles two-thousand years ago.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Most holidays and celebrations in American culture have beginnings based on religious tradition, those same traditions are often forgotten or replaced by ones that have no relevance to the original intent. The erosion of tradition in ?The Lottery? mirrors that of our own society in the fact that customs change to suit society. The younger generations in ?The Lottery? took pleasure in the act of stoning someone to death. It no longer mattered that there had been a good reason for if, if indeed there had been a good reason. In our society, Christmas and Easter are used by big business to sell products and greeting cards. Tradition is only preserved if it benefits those who practice it. Works Cited: Jackson, Shirley. "The Lottery." Bridges: Literature Across Cultures. Gilbert H. Muller, John A. Williams. McGraw-Hill, Inc., 1994. p 849-854.

The Opium War :: essays research papers

The Opium War   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Opium War, directed by Jin Xie, paints a rather impartial account of the Opium War, starting with the appointment of Lin Zexu to end the opium trade in China to the signing of the Treaty of Nanking. This film seemed to fairly depict the faults of both the Chinese and the British during the 1830’s and up to 1842. That said, The Opium War illustrated two important factors that both helped to promote the conflict and eventual military confrontation between China and Britain.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first is the state of the Chinese government at the time of the opium trade. There was enough corruption within the government itself that it was very difficult to halt trading at its source. The trading company that dealt with the British merchants often had to bribe officials with opium in order to complete their business. Not only did this give incentive for the local government officials to continue allowing the trading, it made it difficult to find and prosecute all the parties involved. When Lin Zexu saw the accounts record, he could not believe that so many officials were involved, and he went as far as to say that prosecuting them all means he would have to â€Å"kill every official in Guangzhou.† Indeed even some of his own officials were opium users, forcing Lin Zexu to bend the rules, saying â€Å"to err is human.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  While it was hard enough to stamp out opium trade from China, it was even more difficult for the Chinese government to accept the demands of the British. At this time in history, China had grown too sure of itself and presumed itself to be the greatest world power. This sort of arrogant and decrepit government is shown in the old and frail officials advising the emperor on actions against the British. Even after an initial attack and as war is looming between the two nations, China is still so sure of its power that the emperor, instead of asking for a truce, â€Å"grants† a truce for the British. At this point however, it is interesting to note that it is somewhat unclear what the intentions of the Chinese government are. The officials are seemingly divided on whether to appease the British or to wage open war. As China negotiated with Britain however, it seems that the Chinese were eager to appease any demands because they were already unsure of their abi lity to defend themselves against a naval attack.

My medicine, work: thus credulous fools are caught Essay

How has Iago made his â€Å"medicine, work† on Othello. This essay is to discuss the tribes and tribulations of Iago; how he has brainwashed Othello and caused devastation to many people throughout the text, such as Othello, Desdemona, Cassio and Emillia. I am going to discuss points such as why Iago was so dishonest to Othello; why he caused Othello and Desdemona so much pain and why he didn’t have no love or care for any woman including his wife Emillia. Iago is a very bitter person who wants to make Othello miserable. Reasons for this are simple: Iago is a racist who dislikes black people; he wants Othello’s title/position, as Othello is a high- ranking member of the Venetian army; he loves and wants Desdemona for his wife. However, this last reason is unlikely. Throughout the play, Iago refers to women in a sexist way; at the end of the play, he stabs his wife Emilia to death. Obviously he is a man incapable of love. Throughout the play, Iago constantly refers to women in derogatory terms. For example, he says in Act two, Scene one, † †¦ you are pictures out of doors, bells in your parlours, wild-cats in your kitchens, saints in your injuries, devils being offended, players in your housewifery, and housewives in your beds.† In this quote Iago is being very prejudice and sexist towards female. He has no respect and dignity for women especially his wife Emillia. Iago intends to make Othello miserable by telling him that Desdemona is having an affair with Michael Cassio. He will, to an extent, brainwash Othello, also causing trouble for other characters, namely Cassio, Emilia, Desdemona and Roderigo. Iago doesn’t care who he hurts in the process of all this. He is there to cause pain and hurt all round so he gets his own way. There are many reasons as to why Iago is like this, such as: he has emotional feelings for Desdemona; he is jealous of Othello, etc. Iago begins to make Othello suspicious by dropping hints about Cassio, which leads Othello to find out what’s on Iago’s mind. Act two, Scene one: â€Å"That Cassio loves her, I do well believe’t â€Å" Here Iago starts to say blatantly to Othello that he is sure Cassio has feelings for Desdemona. Again Iago carries on with his poison talk to brainwash Othello. Making him into thinking such things about Cassio and Desdemona. Iago begins to start repeating what Othello says which causes Othello to convince himself that Desdemona has been unfaithful. Reasons why Iago is being like this could be that Brabantio is still angry with Othello for marrying his daughter without consent. Brabantio was then murdered. This is very unlikely though. Mainly the reason being the type of person Iago is. He is very cruel and envious person who lets his jealously overcomes him. Iago continues to seem reluctant to reveal what he claims he knows about Desdemona and Cassio. This just proves how intelligent and scheming Iago is. He strongly defends the importance of a man or woman’s reputation, and warns Othello to beware of jealously. Act two Scene one â€Å"At least into a jealousy so strong†¦judgement cannot cure† This quote is from Iago forwarding jealousy towards Othello again using his poison to brainwash Othello. Maybe Iago’s poison works so well on Othello that he actually understands and feels the feelings Iago are feeling himself. Now all of what Iago has been telling Othello has been pure lies. Iago is so corruptive and scheming that he falls into his own trap when Othello attacks him. â€Å"To say my wife is fair, feeds well, loves company, is free of speech, sings, plays, and dances well: Where virtue is, these are more virtuous.† Act three Scene three. This quote tells us Othello finds that being unfaithful to him is the worse thing she can do to him. So really this is perhaps his reason for acting the way he does. Later Othello says â€Å"No, Iago, I’ll see before I doubt; when I doubt; prove; And on the proof, there is no more but this; away at on once with love or jealously!† This quote to Iago basically is trying to tell Iago if you prove to me that Desdemona has been unfaithful then I will believe you! Why doesn’t he just ask Desdemona himself? So here Othello assures Iago he’s not a jealous man. He says he’s confident of his wife’s virtue. Iago warns him to watch Desdemona with Cassio; she is capable of deception. Iago now tells Othello that he has seen Cassio with Desdemona’s strawberry handkerchief. This was true but wasn’t intended by Cassio. It was placed on his love’s shoulder while she was asleep and then Cassio took it. Othello saw Cassio using it and thought immediately that Desdemona was being unfaithful and deceitful to him. â€Å"Have you not sometimes seen a handkerchief spotted with strawberries in your wife’s hand?† Act three Scene three. This Quote then starts to build up the tension between Iago and Othello because Iago is being honest and truthful but not for long. The significance of the handkerchief is that Othello was handed it to him form his Great Grandmother when she die. Othello then gave it to Desdemona as a token of his love for her. That is why it is so important. Next Othello says the following: â€Å"I know not that; but such a handkerchief – I am sure it was your wife’s- did I today see Cassio wipe his beard with.† Scene three Act three. This quote then suggests that Desdemona has given it to or left it in Cassio’s presence. So now Iago claims that Cassio has Desdemona’s handkerchief. Othello fills with anger and hatred as this is not what he wants or expects of Desdemona and he isn’t happy with the he has to find out. Othello is overcome with jealous grief and vows revenge. To Iago’s call of patience, Othello replies his murderous thoughts will never change. Othello is a black man who is high up in the Venetian army. At the beginning of the play we are given the impression that Othello has robbed Iago of his title. Act one Scene one â€Å"Off-capped to him; and by the faith of a man, I know my price†¦worth no worse a place† This quote shows how Iago feels like he has been robbed of his title by Othello. Iago wanted to be higher then anyone because he is a very manipulative and vindictive person. Othello marries Desdemona without Brabantio’s knowledge and consent, which causes uproar. Iago suggests a way of taking revenge against Othello. They shout in the street outside Brabantio’s house and tell him the news that he has been robbed. This then plots the play for what is going to happen. Iago will deceive Othello and do his best to cause trouble for Othello. So then he can rob him of his title. Iago is angry about failing to gain the promotion that has gone instead to Cassio. Iago, pretending to be Othello’s faithful supporter, warns Othello that Brabantio will attempt to break up the marriage. Othello is confident that his service to Venice and his noble descant will make all well. I think that Iago was a very bitter and cruel man. He had no love for no one but himself and was bitterly jealous of Othello. Othello’s behaviour towards Iago was very vulnerable. Act one Scene two â€Å"As double as the Duke’s. He will divorce you† This quote shows that Iago has to be very intentional by claiming quite blatantly that Desdemona will have nothing to do with you as you didn’t gain any consent or blessing from him to marry his daughter. Othello was also very gullible which didn’t help him disbelieve Iago. I also think that Iago’s jealousy caused so much trouble for people such as Cassio, Desdemona, Roderigo and Emilia. Othello’s behaviour couldn’t be helped because of Iago’s ways of brainwashing him. Iago’s brutal and ruthless actions throughout caused many deaths, at the end, which led to him being injured badly too. Unfortunately due to Iago’s duplicitous ways he caused no end of trouble for Othello and Desdemona’s marriage. Therefore his aggressiveness savaged the lives of Othello, Emilia, Desdemona and Cassio within the play. From this play you can see what jealousy and power can do to so many people by just one deceitful being. Iago didn’t have any emotion and love for anyone but himself. He didn’t get what he wanted so he caused a stink until he won, but in this case Iago’s scheming intentions backfired.

Disgusting at the same time Essay

The creator wants the reader to imagine the nearly horrible things and as everyone has assorted ideas well-nigh our own horror it will advance it even to a greater extent repulsive. By utilize the al-Quran travailed he burns an discover in your mind and makes you visualize the hollow bodies that had been devoured by the vultures. The pass battle cry Strange by itself in one controversy sums up your feelings among the following section of the poetry, and by creation alone in one line it emphasises the countersignature, it gives the word Strange a atomic pile of importance.Achebe indicates affection as a bearish aspect of life, in the rime it says that sleep with coils up like a serpent in a corner, it besides says that whop is upset, angry or punished. Together with the parlance turned to the w solely, the agent personifies love. stretching to a certain point of the poem, the author uses an ellipsis by dividing it into two supposititious different stories, how ever, thats what it suck inms from the outside, but if you , twain stories is related one to another.To link these parts, the author changes line, and uses punctuation ( ), he uses three dots at the end of the first part to show the poem continues, and then starts talking somewhat the com spelldant Thus the Commandant at Belsen, which appears to be a total different theme. When the poet uses the phrase fumes of human articulation it intends to require a disgusting scene, with the word roast he creates a linking flesh which relates the phrase to the animals, food and cooking (burning).The word i roast is associated to the word ihuman which makes you infer of people being cooked and burned, and it seems even more revolting as the reader belike visualises itself in the same situation. With this extremely barbarous scene the author originates a inhumane image referred to Commandant, he is also shown as a very horrendous man when Achebe talks about the air force officers appea rance i hairy nostrils, the poet wants to dig the reader to hate this character. The Commandants children are represented as his auditor way outi, this produces a comparison between the air force officer and the vulture because normally when referring to society the offspringi of soulfulness usually are their sons or daughters, the word offspringi is applied when we talk about animals, so this word in a means shows that the commandant wasnt very amiable towards his children. The word tender is used to chance on is normally used to hear demulcent meat. This creates two impressions of the same concept his offspring is related to soundly meat, yet its also related to the vultures, which creates a unforgettable paradoxical image.The author wants the audience to see both facets of this terrible man, by adage the word protoactiniums, this makes the commandant seem sweet and caring, and uses an enjambment Daddys // concede, to make the word i returni stand-out. He also wants to create two different images with the word return, to make the reader think that the children mislay their father, and to prove that theres also a bit of grace in such a cruel man. To conclude, in the last paragraph Achebe summarises the poem.He give thanks God that even an ogre (which in society is seen as a stomp of a malicious creature) has a piddling glow-worm of tenderness encapsulated in icy caverns of a cruel heart. This means that all human kind beings with a regretful inside will unfailingly progress to a spark of mercy in him. Achebe finally expresses that human beings arent good or bad, theyre a crew of both, and this is what the whole poem represents. The poem is make out of one stanza, which is divided into quartet subsections. This an unusual poem because the poet uses free verse, which makes the poem colloquial.It has no rhyme because rhymes make things comical and musical and wouldnt help the poet describe pessimistic aspects as he does in the majority of the poem. The four fragments link together evil, goodness, vultures and the commandant. Achebe uses commas and enjambment to make it a slowly paced poem to read which makes it sorrowed. The whole poem is written in English by a Nigerian author, it is written for European readers. He wants to show that it doesnt proposition from where you belong, every war is the same as abominable and everyone has a bit of dismount and darkness in their hearts.

Geo-Political and Economic Organization of Asean Essay

The companionship of S discoverheast Asian Nations is a geo-political and scotch presidential term of ten countries located in Southeast Asia, which was formed on 8 August 1967 by Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore and Thailand. Since then, appendageship has projected to include Brunei, Burma (Myanmar), Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam. Its aims include accelerating frugal growth, social put across, and cultural victimization among its members, breastplate of regional peace and stability, and opportunities for member countries to cover differences peace richly. ASEAN has emphasized regional cooperation in the tether pillars, which ar security, sociocultural desegregation, and economic integration. The regional classifying has made the most progress in economic integration by creating an ASEAN economical Community (AEC) by 2015.AEC envisages the chase key characteristics (a) a single market place and production base, (b) a highly agonistical economic region , (c) a region of ingenuous economic development, and (d) a region full phase of the moon merged into the global economy. The subroutineation of AEC is adequate to(p) to boost economic returns of countries in ASEAN collectible to cooperative and collaborative as a group could present generated a walloping overall pool of put ons to be distri exclusivelyed among than countries than individually bequeath ultimately contact by readying on its own. still but in my opinion, Thailand pass on be of gravid concerns to many problemes in the region when AEC is tack toge at that placed.Thailand experience in an usefulnessous geographical baffle which is located at the strategic decoct position in ASEAN, foreign companies be obliged to set up a solid foundation for the base bodily storage and product distribution to exportation their products to the countries in ASEAN if they ar in run for to establish market in ASEAN. Other than that, exposed economy policy of Thaila nd is closely integrated in the AEC blueprint. Thus it preserve be knock againstn, Thailands markets exit be service most among the countries in ASEAN when it come into exit in 2015.According to a tenders history on Thailand passwordpaper military man Journal, as well as feeln as Chinese Daily News, a grit of fate is palpable in enterprises all persona and in virtually every persistence in Thailand since AEC will be deck up soon. A number of listed companies adjusting collective contrast strategies and formulating an aggressiveness marketing program be existence stepped up without cease in order to meet the new challenges and opportunities that will beoccur after twain or three years. Managing director of TICON (Ticon industrial Connection Public Company Limited), Mr. Virapan Pulges leveld that TICON had already the corporate strategies to cope with the regional economic integration by 2015, focus on the greatly increasing afterlife nominate up of distribu tion center and wargonhouses facilities in Thailand. The chieftain Executive Officer of CMO (Creative Management Organization), Sermkhun Kunawong revealed that crowd and order of battle industries will be tremendously arrive at from the establish of AEC because the convention and army industries in Thailand be occupied leash level among ASEAN countries.CMO plotted to gain but insight into relate convention and establishion industries regulation of other countries in Asian in order to seek byplay opportunities and establish close contact with logistic industries in Asian countries. Chairman of the age of DRT (Diamond Roofing Tiles Public Company Limited), Prakit Prathipasen mentioned that his beau monde always maintains their products export to Vietnam and Cambodia, but they will expand their export markets to Malaysia and Indonesia from now on, they planned to set up a reposition distribution center at Changwat Surat Thani, Thailand to aiming at above markets. The pre sidents of MFEC (MFEC Public Company Limited), Siriwat Vongjarukorn decl ard that information and Technology industries will benefit from establish of AEC.The implementation of open and bad investment policies and actively encourage self-whispered investment will extremely rev up markets belligerent in ASEAN. Company essential pay close attention in adjusting corporate strategies, increasing melt-enterprise(a) advantages and implement cognitive process evaluation on a more concrete form, herein get out the investment that is in opt of the Information and Technology industries. His company has long been prompt for the establishment of AEC through service integration with various companies to subjoin competitive advantages and the advantage of fully satisfies known customers demand.The new report above let us know slightly that how the attractors of companies in Thailand tidy sum with the form. Four of them accept the inevitability of limiting and recognize forms as p otential of sources of vital force and self-renewal, they develop stiff heed skills that attend organization move towards some(a)affair better. They sh bed a common plenty ofresponsibilities and economy opportunities for their companies and countries, an idolise aspiration has been cookd by them to seize the opportunities for expand their markets and try to maximized their benefits from the establishment of AEC. That is every show that we idler almost certain they cook magnetized Leadership- they piss a vision, they be willing to choose personal risks to achieve that vision, they argon sensitive to come outer needs, and they exhibit behavior that atomic number 18 out of the ordinary. The recognize characteristics of magnetized leadinghip that they possess atomic number 181. Vision and marijuana cig bette- They has the clear visions that proposes a early better than the status quo and is able to elucidate the importance of the vision in name that atomic n umber 18 understandable to others. They planned and implementing the new corporate strategies to meet the establishment of AEC by 2015 and they has a good idea how the strategies mass benefit their companies and countries. 2. Personal risk- They willing to concern on high personal risk, start high costs, and engage in self-denial to achieve the vision.According to their narrations, their new corporate strategies involve high costs to pulp large infrastructure facilities within or right(prenominal) their country for large dental plate productions, they has to take on the responsibilities and possibilities of get goingure at their own risk. 3. Sensitivity to follower needs- They atomic number 18 perceptive of others abilities and responsive to their needs and feelings. collect to their company involve in large scale capitals and productions, they must appoint some qualified person to important positions. 4. irregular behavior- They engage in behaviors that ar comprehend as novel and counter to norms. They being as achievementful leaders will never assumed that if they could just take h gray-headed things running on a brace without changing and vision, their companies would be successful.AEC is an world(prenominal) collaboration project among ASEAN countries, good workers or following will be an essential government agency if the companies endeavor to gravel benefits and advantages from the project. Followers of charismatic leaders bewilder higher delegate performance, task performance, and adjustment to the leader and to the group than did pursuit who worked under groups led by noncharismatic leaders. There are four-step process shows that how docharismatic leaders influence followers.1. invent a vision- It begins by the leader articulating an kindly vision. A vision is a long-run strategy for how to off a goal or goals. The vision provides a sense of continuity for followers by linking the ease up with a better future for the organ ization. The leaders share their vision with followers about the travel to attain goals in future through AEC by 2015. 2. arrive at a vision statement- A vision is sketchy unless it has an accompanying vision statement. A vision statement is a formal articulation of an organizations vision or mission. Charismatic leader may use vision statement to imprint on followers an overarching goal and purpose. Once a vision and vision statement are established, the leader then communicates high performance expectations and expresses confidence that followers poop attain them.This parents follower self-esteem and self-confidence. Leaders create corpsework for all their strategic formulation that will apply to entity companies to meet the goals. 3. create a new set of set- The leader conveys a new set of value and through words and actions by his or her behavior, set an example to followers to imitate. Charismatic leaders were more effective because their employees in person identified with the leaders. Finally, the charismatic leader engages in emotion-inducing and often unconventional behavior to abut courage and convictions about the vision. There is an mad contagion in charismatic leadership whereby followers catch the emotions their leader is conveying.As I produce mentioned at above, AEC is an international collaboration project among ASEAN countries, so leaders should create a new values that usher out apply to ASEAN countries instead of old values that are relate entirely if with a country. 4. Demonstrate the vision- Because the vision is much(prenominal) a unfavourable component of charismatic leadership, we should clarify exactly what we mean by the confines, identify particular proposition qualities of an effective vision, and offer some examples. Leaders implement the visions with their followers to achieve the goals.According to the other news report of Thailand newspaper World Journal, department of Foreign Trade, Ministry of commercialis m held a spoke table meeting with regard to tourism upstartly, discussed the opportunities and developmentin tourist perseverance after Thailand join AEC by 2015. The rhythm table meeting invited the Ministry of Tourism and Sport, pertinent departments and travel agencies to participate in discussion. betoken of Foreign Trade Department indicate that the integration of ASEAN will mainly excogitate the effect in investment and mobility of benignant resource after the establishment of AEC. By that time, Thailand will see further competitive in tourism markets from other ASEAN countries. Therefore, Thailand is critical to maintain and increase its own battle to adapt to the markets and create great development progress. After the discussion in pear-shaped table meeting, the methods were considered as effectiveness in increasing competitiveness of tourist industries of Thailand include1. Unify the standardization of tourism service, grow international standard progressively t o club and mea reliable. 2. Train employees with systematically, instill professional noesis to them and also let them learn to police captain foreign language. 3. Formulate trade standard, exclude price war break out.4. shit good relationship with other ASEAN countries. 5. Create stricter law and legislation, crack down on illegal activities related to tourist industries.Moreover, the cadence table meeting believed that short term and long term plans should be think over to guide travel agencies solve their problems in order to accelerated development and baptisterys the competitive from ASIAN countries positively.We can address the antedate stirs of Ministry of transaction, Thailand as an international and goal-oriented activity, we can also described the scenario as planned transplant. basically there are 2 goals in planned revision. First, it seeks to improve the ability of the organization or patience to adapt to changes in its environment. Second, it seeks to c hange employee behavior. If an organization or industry is to survive, it must respond to changes in its environment. When competitors offer new products or services, government agencies reenact new laws, important sources of supplies go out of business,or similar environmental changes take place, the organization or industry needs to adapt.Efforts to stimulate innovation, empower employees, and introduce work teams are examples of planned-change activities directed at responding to changes in the environment. Because an organization or industrys success or failure is essentially due to the things that its employees do or fail to do, planned change also is rice beered with changing the behavior of individuals and groups within the organization.In the above case, Ministry of commerce improves the competitiveness and abilities of tourist industries in Thailand and train employees to improve their qualities to face the changes brought by AEC, like the increase of competitors are fu lly consistent with planned change. swap agents are responsible for managing change activities, change agents can be managers or nonmanagers, current employees of an organization, newly hired employees, or outside consultants, but the Ministry of Commerce, travel agencies and employees of tourist industries are the change agents in this case.However, when people are confronted with change, resistance to change appears to be indwelling and positive state. One of the well-documented findings from studies of individual and organisational behavior is that organizations and their members resist change. One recent study showed that even when employees are shown entropy that they need to change, they latch onto whatever info they can find that suggests they are finely and dont need to change. Our egos are fragile, and we often see change as threatening.In order to avoid take place walking in the old steps and seclude oneself, seven tactics have been suggested for use by change agent s in dealing with resistance to change1. tuition and Communication- Resistance can be decrease through communicating with employees to protagonist them see the logic of a change. Communication can reduce resistance on two levels. First, it fights the effects of misinformation and poor communication. Second, communication can be helpful in sell the need for change. The changes are most effective if attend of Commerce communicate its principle balancing various participants interest versus a rationale based on rector or heads ofdepartments interest only. 2. Participation- Its difficult for individuals to resist a change decision in which they participated. introductory to making a change, those opposed can be brought into the decision process. Assuming that the participants have the expertise to make a meaty contribution, their involvement can reduce resistance, obtain commitment, and increase the quality of the change decision. Therefore, Minister of Commerce should invite p articipations from various industries that are related to tourist industries to increase the success rate of changes.3. Building Support and Commitment- kind agents can offer a unravel of supportive efforts to reduce resistance. When employees fear and disturbance are high, employee counseling and therapy, new-skills training, or a short paid leave or absence may facilitate adjustment. interrogation on middle managers has shown that when managers or employees have low emotional commitment to change, they favor the status quo and resist it. So liberation up employees can also help them emotionally commit to the change quite than embrace the status quo. Minister of Commerce should fully support all of the participants by effort and money due to they are same sided and share same purposes to benefit their countries and industries. 4. Implementing Changes Fairly- Try as managers might to have employees see change positively, most workers tend to react shunly. Most people scarcel y dont like change. But one way organizations can denigrate the negative impact of change, even when employees frame it as a negative, is to makes sure the change is implemented fairly.Procedural fairness becomes oddly important when employees perceive an outcome as negative, so when implementing changes, its crucial that organizations submit over backwards to make sure employees see the reason for the change, and perceive that the changes are being implemented consistently and fairly. practiced support and financial support divvy up by Minister of Commerce to participants must be absolutely fair and clear of discrimination or bias. 5. manipulation and Cooptation- Manipulation refers to covert influence attempts. Twisting and distorting facts to make them appear more attractive, withholding unenviable information, and creating false rumors to get employees to accept a change are all examples of manipulation. Cooptation, on the other hand, is a form of twain manipulation and participation.It seeks to buy off the leaders of a resistance group by giving them a key character reference in thechange decision. The leaders advice is sought, non to seek a better decision, but to get their endorsement. Ministry of Commerce can disguise the fact that will be against by participants in order to cooperative production. This method is not recommended to change agents unless there are left with no choice, because the tactics can backfire if the targets become aware they are being trick or used. 6. Selecting large number Who Accept Change- Research suggests that the ability to slowly accept and adapt to change is related to personality.It appears that people who adjust best to change are those who are open to experience, take a positive attitude toward change, are willing to take risks, and are compromising in their behavior. Ministry of Commerce should select participants who are positive self-concept and high risk perimeter because they are coped better with change. 7. Coercion- Coercion is the activity of direct threats or force on the resisters. The examples of coercion are threats of transfer, loss of promotions, negative performance evaluations, and a poor letter of recommendation. This method can use to be directed against participants who are not follow instructions or rules that made by Ministry of Commerce.No discussion of resistance to change would be complete without a sketch mention of the politics of change because change invariably threaten and the status quo, it inherently implies political activity.In the frame of ASEAN economical Community, enterprises need to the notion of operation and management to get the best of the achievement of dissolve flow system from essential prolific factors. Companies should convert to from the operation strategies that confines only to domestic markets transnational operation though establish relationship with business partners in the area of ASEAN. The most important thing is to put the pressure on meditate a new business cookery for strives to adapt the changes and committed to the new business opportunities.The establishment of AEC is expected to create bigger markets for products of Thailand, at the same time, companies of Thailand should examine themselves if they are brace to become a member of AEC while speed up with enhance comprehensive strength. Most of the ASEAN countries are not fully prepare to meet AEC, there are still some disadvantages in various directions for Thailand, especially thepolitical smirch of Thailand not showing any specific development route, some corporation are still lack of related fellowship result in not fully prepare of relevant plans. For this purpose, Thailand should make full use of advantages and rational utilization of resources to increase competitiveness to differentiates their superiority with other ASEAN countries for the in coming of establishment of AEC by 2015.ReferencesAseansec.org (2007) ASEANWEB ASEAN Econo mic Community. online acquirable at http//www.aseansec.org/18757.htm Accessed 1 Oct 2012. Chinaasean.org (2005) Ministry of Commerce of Thailand Appeal Tourist Industries to Increase Competitiveness. online Available at http//www.chinaasean.org/html/report/1259802-1.htm Accessed 1 Oct 2012. En.wikipedia.org (1967) Association of Southeast Asian Nations Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. online Available at http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASEANFrom_CEPT_to_AEC Accessed 1 Oct 2012. ROBBINS, S. and JUDGE, T. (2010) organizational Behavior. 13th ed. Prentice Hall, p.447-450,654-659. News.sina.com.tw (1996) Thailand Listed Company go down Strategies to Meet AEC online Available at http//news.sina.com.tw/ condition/20120626/7156145.html Accessed 1 Oct 2012.